The impact of extractives on the photo-degradation of wood remains a subject of debate: (1) some studies suggest a weak correlation between the content of extractives and photo-degradation (Derbyshire et al. 1995); (2) others indicate that higher extractive content leads to noticeable discoloration (Pandey 2005a); (3) certain research suggests ...
The degradation of photovoltaic (PV) systems is one of the key factors to address in order to reduce the cost of the electricity produced by increasing the operational lifetime of PV systems. To reduce the degradation, it is imperative to know the degradation and failure phenomena. This review article has been prepared to present an overview of ...
Degradation studies for working perovskite solar cells have revealed that both charge and ion accumulations at interfaces induce irreversible chemical reactions mediated by deep-level defects. Electronic band bending at a heterointerface also plays a crucial role in causing accumulation of charges and ions due to the localized electric field ...
As organic solar cells (OSCs) work under illumination, the light-induced degradation issue is an inevitable barrier to the commercialization of OSCs. Herein, the photo-degradation mechanism of high-efficiency OSCs based on PM6:Y6 or its derivatives is investigated under different wavelength illumination in a
Photo-degradation of organic semiconductors remains as an obstacle preventing their durable practice in optoelectronics. Herein, we disclose that volume-conserving photoisomerization of a unique ...
Degradation and mineralization efficiency: The concentration of BPA was measured by a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a C18 column and an ultraviolet detector (λ = 281 nm). The mobile phase included 75% methanol and 25% water with a flow rate of 0.8 mL·min −1. The chemical oxygen demand (COD) was determined by COD-571 ...
Based on the identification of degradation products by IR and UV spectroscopy, i.e. carbonyl- and sulfur moieties which come from the degradation of the side chains (α-carbon atom of the …
The sensitivity of proteins to light-induced degradation is a well-known phenomenon ().Photo-degradation can lead to a large variety of products, including those derived from protein aggregation, cross-linking and fragmentation (2,3,4).Earlier studies on the photo-degradation of proteins were essentially motivated by biological questions such as the impact …
understanding the degradation mechanisms as a function of wavelength is crucial to overcome intrinsic device instability. Isolating and understanding a single degradation mechanism in …
The feasibility of dynamic control of daylight and solar radiation makes electrochromic devices a critical component in modern society. However, electrochromic performance degradation prevents its large-scale commercialization. A new technique, UV + bias-induced rejuvenation, has been developed, which is compatible with all parts of an electrochromic device and applies to other …
cl usion. The only mechanism left is photocell degradation. photocell degradation due to nuclear radiation show that for the irradia- tion levels used here, gamma radiation has little effect but neutrons can produce large decreases in photocurrent of the magnitude observed. As will be discussed later in this paper, direct tests on RFS ...
3.2. The degradation mechanisms of perovskite solar cells in vacuum. To explore the degradation mechanisms of PSCs in vacuum, the defect states density of the perovskite layer was analyzed by space charge limited current (SCLC) methods [32, 33].As can be seen in Fig. 1 c–d, the dark J-V curves of the electron-only devices (the equipment …
Background: Many vital components in bioprocess media are prone to photo-conversion or photo-degradation upon exposure to ambient light, with severe negative consequences for biomass yield and overall productivity. However, there is only limited awareness of light irradiation as a potential risk factor when working in transparent glass bioreactors, storage vessels or disposable bag …
Among the over 70 US FDA approved therapeutic protein products since 2011, more than half belong to the class of monoclonal antibodies (FDA, 2017, Lagasse et al., 2017).Like all proteins, they are vulnerable to light-induced degradation which can adversely affect product safety and quality (Kerwin and Remmele, 2007, Li et al., 1995).Therapeutic …
The photodegradation of PM6 dominates the photo-degradation process of PM6:Y6 systems, while the UV329 can effectively suppress such degradation, and thus the ternary device can retain nearly 90% ...
Review article Photo enhanced degradation of polyfluoroalkyl and perfluoroalkyl substances Olalekan C. Olatundea,b, Alex T. Kuvaregac, Damian C. Onwudiwea,b * a Material Science Innovation and Modelling (MaSIM) Research Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Mafikeng Campus, …
The degradation efficiency has been found to be highly dependent on the ability of microorganisms to transfer electrons extracellularly through the system (Cheng et al., 2021, Zou et al., 2019). Although an improvement in degradation efficiency has been achieved by promoting extracellular electron transfer (EET) in the BES, the relatively low ...
The electron released from starch degradation in the anode by photosynthetic bacteria was transferred to the cathode, which was utilized by the nitrifying bacteria C16 to realize autotrophic denitrification. Lower resistance was more conducive to the electron transfer and pollutants removal. Comparing with natural light, continuous light ...
Here, the authors report on a study into the photo-degradation of carbon dots, the products produced and associated cytotoxicity. Carbon dots (CDs) are photoluminescent nanomaterials with wide ...
Photoinduced degradation can happen in each functional layer in perovskite solar cells, including the active layer, electronic transport layer, hole transport layer and their interfaces. An overview ...
This article reviews degradation rates of flat-plate terrestrial modules and systems from field testing over the last 40 years. It provides a comprehensive summary of degradation rates, trends, and mechanisms for different PV technologies and regions.
The photo-electrochemical degradation of MO at the DS-TiO 2 can be clearly seen by cyclic voltammograms (CVs) and linear potential sweep techniques. As shown in Fig. 2 a, a pristine TiO 2 photo-anode without dye sensitization cannot produce discernible anodic current even in the presence of MO at light illumination, indicating a sluggish photo-electrochemical …
In this study, we examine degradation phenomena on high-efficiency solar cells with poly-Si passivating contacts made on Ga-doped Czochralski-grown silicon (Cz-Si) base …
However, several responsive molecules or groups in a gel system can only passively receive environment stimuli and further work independently (Deng et al., 2012; Liu, Zhang, Zhou, Shang, & Su, 2019; Rodkate & Rutnakornpituk, 2016) rather than synergistically, which will result in the loss of control accuracy of degradation.Although passive degradation is …
Organelles are continuously turned over as part of cellular homeostasis and adaptation. Most organelles, even including the nucleus, are degraded by lysosomes via different pathways, such as macroautophagy, microautophagy, organelle-derived vesicle degradation, and crinophagy. In some specific cases—for example, in lens fiber cells—organelles are degraded …
Based on the identification of degradation products by IR and UV spectroscopy, i.e. carbonyl- and sulfur moieties which come from the degradation of the side chains (α-carbon atom of the hexyl group of P3HT which is the chemically weakest C–H bond) and of the backbone (S-ring) of the polymer, respectively, Manceau et al. list three types of ...
Throughout each section, we highlight the photochemical degradation pathways for electron acceptor and donor materials, and their link to device degradation. We also discuss the existing interdisciplinary challenges …
Here we show that the slow photocurrent degradation in thin-film photovoltaic devices is due to the formation of light-activated meta-stable deep-level trap states. However, the devices can self ...
Energy in the form of light induces physical and chemical changes to most organic compounds [[1], [2], [3], [4]] ks, foods, pharmaceuticals, cosmetic products and polymers are only a few examples of materials that undergo degradation under the influence of light, also called light-induced degradation or photodegradation [[5], [6], [7]].Among them, …
Exposing OSCs to high light-intensity, so-called « photo-degradation » could accelerate their degradation process until the failure and enable an estimation of the lifetime [38]. In this work, we used a low bandgap fluorinated copolymer (PF2) [ 12, 39 ] as an electron donor and ([ 6, 6 ]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester) (PC 71 BM) as ...
We provide a review of the degradation modes and their underlying mechanisms that most commonly afflict commercial silicon solar cells. These modes are commonly referred …
Potential-induced degradation (PID) of photovoltaic (PV) modules is one of the most severe types of degradation in modern modules, where power losses depend on the strength of the electric field ...
In this paper we investigate the performance and stability of small-molecule organic solar cells with respect to the indium tin oxide (ITO)/organic interface. Different zinc-phthalocyanine (ZnPc)/fullerene (C${}_{60}$) cell architectures with and without ITO ${mathrm{O}}_{2}$-plasma treatment are compared and tested with respect to their …
Discover the dynamic advancements in energy storage technology with us. Our innovative solutions adapt to your evolving energy needs, ensuring efficiency and reliability in every application. Stay ahead with cutting-edge storage systems designed to power the future.
Monday - Sunday 9.00 - 18.00
