LiFePO4/C cathode materials are synthesized by carbothermal reduction process using FePO4 as iron and phosphorus source, and starch as carbon source. The FePO4 precursor was prepared by leaching iron tailings with concentrated sulfuric acid and then leaching with phosphoric acid and hydrogen peroxide. The morphology and structure of …
Acid solutions were prepared using sulfuric acid (95%) and Milli-Q water. The acid concentration was the same for all tests (2 M H 2 SO 4), except when experiments changing the concentration of acid were performed. The liquid to solid ratio (L/S) was set at 50 mL to 1 g of sample (50:1), to reduce the effect of sampling. A sample weight of 2 g ...
The effect of sulfuric acid concentration on the leaching efficiency of alloy powders is depicted in Fig. 3. The concentration of sulfuric acid was varied from 85 to 120 g/L at a leaching temperature of 90 °C, leaching time of 8.0 h, solid-to-liquid ratio of 100 g/L, agitation speed of 1500 rpm, and at flow rate of oxygen gas of 0.15 L/min. It ...
This work describes a unique and environmentally acceptable bioleaching method for Li and Mn recovery utilizing Acidithiobacillus thiooxidans, a sulfur-oxidizing bacteria …
This paper is focused on the selective recovery of cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), and manganese (Mn) contained in leachate obtained by digesting a cathodic material from spent lithium batteries with hydrochloric acid.
Likewise, hydrometallurgy utilizes strong acid/alkali as leaching reagents, requiring multiple intricate stages and complex procedures to obtain high-purity products, accompanied by the generating tremendous wastewater [15], [16]. Conventional lithium extraction from the cathode entails steps such as leaching, precipitation, separation, and purification. The …
Based on this analysis, the recovery of metals presents in the NCA type batteries, the route proposed is that the first step should be the precipitation of aluminium, …
These were performed using sulfuric acid as a leaching agent, and parameters such as solid/liquid ratio (S/L), acid concentration, temperature, and time were studied. The S/L ratios were determined from the ratio between the mass of active materials in the batteries and the volume of sulfuric acid used (g of battery sample: mL of acid).
The concentrated sulfuric acid destroys the structures of cathode materials and PVDF but prevents the Al dissolution by formation of the passivation film, which contributes to the separation of cathode materials from Al foils and no loss of Al foil. After removal of Al foils and adding the 4.5 vol% H 2 O 2 solution to further leach the remaining suspension for 70 min at 70 …
While lithium-ion batteries are omnipresent, lithium recycling from end-of-life batteries and production scrap remains costly and environmentally concerning. Here, the authors report the ...
It was also found that almost all of the Li could be recovered while extracting Co. The maximum efficiency of the extraction was 99.51% Li and 61.21% Co for roasting under a gas flow of 10% SO2-10 ...
The recovery of metals from used lithium-ion battery cathode materials is of both environmental and economic importance. In this study, acid leaching stepwise precipitation was used to separate ...
With the increasing use of electric vehicles, the demand for lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) batteries has sharply increased. Hence, the recycling of metals from these batteries after end-of-life is necessary. In this study, a hydrometallurgical process for recovering lithium phosphate from spent LiFePO4 batteries was developed. The effect of parameters on the recovery process …
The solid residue obtained from the COOL-process, which was carried out according to the optimized parameters described by Pavón et al. (230 °C for 4 h with a water/black mass ratio of 90 mL g −1) 2, was treated in a first …
The acid process can be further divided into sulfuric acid (Bishimbayeva G et al., 2018; Ellestad RB and Milne LK, 1950), hydrofluoric acid (Rosales GD et al., 2016, 2014), hydrochloric acid (Margarido F et al., 2014), nitric acid (Hunwick R, 2017), etc. Among them, the mature sulfuric acid process has dominated industrial lithium extraction from spodumene …
Cobalt (Co) and lithium (Li) were extracted from pure LiCoO2 powders and actual cathode material powders from the spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) after l-ascorbic acid dissolution via a mechanical activation process. The influences of activation time and rotation speed on the leaching were discussed. The mechanism of the improved leaching yield was …
Sulfuric acid (98%) with different predetermined amounts was added stepwise to 20 g collected battery powder in a cylindrical alumina crucible, in order to produce batches with different amount of sulfuric acid and each mixture was stirred to ensure a homogenous reaction between the components with no overheating. Once prepared, these acid-battery powder …
Next, the metals were leached from the battery powder using a sulfuric acid solution which is highly effective for Ag leaching from the spent Ag 2 O-Zn batteries [17, 32]. To formulate the H 2 SO ...
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Leaching of cobalt and nickel from ores, urban waste and industrial residues is in general performed by sulfuric acid rather than hydrochloric acid, because sulfuric acid is cheaper and much less ...
Request PDF | Co, Ni, Cu, Fe, and Mn Integrated Recovery Process via Sulfuric Acid Leaching from Spent Lithium-ion Batteries Smelted Reduction Metallic Alloys | With increasing consumption of ...
With the undergoing unprecedented development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), the recycling of end-of-life batteries has become an urgent task considering the demand for critical materials, environmental pollution, and ecological impacts. Selective recovery of targeted element(s) is becoming a topical field that enables metal recycling in a short path with highly improved …
Request PDF | Sulfuric acid leaching of metals from waste Li-ion batteries without using reducing agent | One way to obtain critical metals in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) used in electric cars is ...
Excess sulfuric acid which is needed for the leaching process of spent lithium-ion batteries is commonly neutralized generating significant waste streams. This research aims to extract and recover sulfuric acid using tri-n-octylamine as an extraction agent. 1-octanol, 2 …
Org. acids, such as gluconic acid, have been widely studied for their potential in the hydrometallurgical recycling of lithium-ion batteries. These org. alternative leachants offer …
A 50 ml concentrated sulfuric acid (98.3% H 2 SO 4) and 1 g of active materials were put into a 100 ml beaker at the temperature of 60 °C in a water bath, and it was agitated at 300 rpm for 6 h. The ICP-OES analysis was used to measure the concentration of Li, Mn, Co, and Ni after leaching and filtering. The mass percentage of every metal in cathode active materials …
The objective of this work is to study the effectiveness of supercritical fluids for the leaching of cobalt contained in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). For comparative purposes, leaching tests are performed with supercritical CO 2 and co-solvents, as well as under conventional conditions. In both cases, sulfuric acid and H 2 O 2 are used as ...
Acid Leaching: Acid leaching is a commonly used method to extract black mass from the crushed battery cells. In this process, the crushed material is immersed in a diluted acid solution, usually sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid. The acid helps dissolve the metals in the cathode material, leaving behind a solution containing metal ions.
Efficient sulfuric acid-Vitamin C leaching system: Towards enhanced extraction of cobalt from spent lithium-ion batteries March 2019 Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 21(10)
The recycling of valuable metals from spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) is becoming increasingly important due to the depletion of natural resources and potential pollution from the spent batteries. In this work, different types of …
For leaching of black mass from LiFePO 4 batteries with acetic acid and H 2 O 2, Yang et al. observed the expected oxidation of Fe 2+ to Fe 3+, which in turn however decreased leaching efficiency 21. Similar findings were …
To effectively separate and recover Co(II) from the leachate of spent lithium-ion battery cathodes, we investigated solvent extraction with quaternary ammonium salt N263 in the sodium nitrite system. NO 2 − combines with Co(II) to form an anion [Co(NO2)3]−, and it is then extracted by N263. The extraction of Co(II) is related to the concentration of NO 2 − . The …
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