The capacity, durability (cycle life) and dischargeability (kinetics) of Ni/MH batteries depend strongly on the intrinsic properties of the electrode materials, especially for hydrogen storage alloys used as negative electrode materials [4], [6], [7], [13], [15], [16].
Aiming at future cesium-free negative hydrogen ion sources, various materials for a plasma electrode are investigated from viewpoints of production mechanism (dissociative attachment, desorption by sputtering, electron pick-up backscattering, etc.), and practical...
Great efforts have been made in developing high-performance electrode materials for rechargeable batteries. Herein, we summarize the current electrode particulate materials from four aspects: crystal structure, particle morphology, pore structure, and surface ...
This review summarizes and provides an assessment of different classes of organic compounds with potential applications as negative electrode materials for metal-ion and molecular-ion batteries. The impact of molecular …
In practice, the open-circuit potential of aluminium is more positive at −1.66 V vs. Hg/HgO [10], due to the competition between the numerous electrode processes that take place on the aluminium surface [11]: (i) formation and/or dissolution of an initial Al 2 O 3 and subsequent Al(OH) 3 layer, (ii) three-electron charge transfer yielding Al III species, (iii) formation of …
Metal electrodes, which have large specific and volumetric capacities, can enable next-generation rechargeable batteries with high energy densities. The charge and discharge processes for metal ...
As modern society continues to advance, the depletion of non-renewable energy sources (such as natural gas and petroleum) exacerbates environmental and energy issues. The development of green, environmentally friendly energy storage and conversion systems is imperative. The energy density of commercial lithium-ion batteries is approaching its theoretical …
Rechargeable solid-state batteries have long been considered an attractive power source for a wide variety of applications, and in particular, lithium-ion batteries are emerging as the...
Fluorinated electrode materials were investigated very early during the development of Li-based cells (Figure 1) the 1960s, the metal fluorides (e.g., CuF 2 and CoF 3) were first developed as conversion-type cathodes in high-capacity Li-based primary cells toward space applications. 25 Furthermore, Arai et al. reported the first investigation of a low-cost and …
A PEMFC can run longer and performs better when the membrane–electrode assemblies (MEAs) are properly hydrated. Generally, reactants are humidified by humidifiers before they enter the stack in order to hydrate the MEAs. For an FC stack that generates 1 kW or greater power, reactant humidification normally cannot be avoided, which will in turn make the FC system …
The demands for high-performance and low-cost batteries make K-ion batteries (KIBs) considered as promising supplements or alternatives for Li-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, there are only a small amount of conventional inorganic electrode materials that can be used in KIBs, due to the large radius of K+ ions. Differently, organic electrode materials (OEMs) generally own …
Here, we present the electrochemical reactivity of MgH2 with Li that constitutes the first use of a metal-hydride electrode for Li-ion batteries. The MgH2 electrode shows a large, reversible ...
The performance of hard carbons, the renowned negative electrode in NIB (Irisarri et al., 2015), were also investigated in KIB a detailed study, Jian et al. compared the electrochemical reaction of Na + and K + with hard carbon microspheres electrodes prepared by pyrolysis of sucrose (Jian et al., 2016).).
Silicon (Si) is recognized as a promising candidate for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high theoretical specific capacity (~4200 mAh g −1), low …
The current study focuses on the production of biochars derived from aquatic plants, specifically red seaweed Ahnfeltia and seagrass Zostera and Ruppia, found in brackish lagoons in the Sea of Okhotsk, Sakhalin …
The cutoff voltage for the NTWO||NCM811 cell was set at 1.0–3.45 V, considering the operational potentials of the NMC811 positive electrode active material and the NTWO negative electrode...
These materials exhibit a range of effects, including high entropy, lattice distortion, hysteretic diffusion and cocktail effect, which enable HEMs to overcome the …
Alloys used for the negative electrode of Ni-MH secondary batteries function as a hydrogen storage media as well as a catalyst for the hydrogen electrode reaction. The hydrogen-absorbing alloys can be divided into three main types: the AB 5, A 2 B 7, and AB 2 types.
For achieving durable and high-energy aqueous Li-ion batteries, the development of negative electrode materials exhibiting a large capacity and low potential without triggering decomposition of water is crucial. …
Compared to conventional batteries that contain insertion anodes, next-generation rechargeable batteries with metal anodes can yield more favourable energy …
Abstract Advanced energy storage systems hold critical significance in satisfying the ever-increasing global demand for energy. And as a viable and effective alternative to lithium-ion batteries that dominate the current energy market, Zn-based batteries [i.e. Zn-ion batteries (ZIBs) and Zn-air batteries (ZABs)] have attracted extensive research efforts. Zn metal …
The inherent disadvantages of untreated carbon felt (pristine-CF) still restrict the vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) from further improving in electrochemical performances. To solve this problem, the carbon felt (CF) decorated with bismuth hydrogen edetate (Bi(HEDTA)) complex was synthesized and studied as anode for VRFB. The cyclic voltammetry curve …
Electrolysers, devices that split water into hydrogen and oxygen using electrical energy, are a way to produce clean hydrogen from low-carbon electricity. Clean hydrogen and hydrogen-derived fuels could be vital for decarbonising sectors where emissions are proving particularly hard to reduce, such as shipping, aviation, long-haul trucks, the iron and steel or …
This mini-review discusses the recent trends in electrode materials for Li-ion batteries. ... −1 or 2061 mA h cm −3) and lower potential of reduction of −3.04 V vs primary reference electrode (standard hydrogen electrode: SHE) make the anode metal Li as[39], [40] ...
Silicon (Si) is recognized as a promising candidate for next-generation lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) owing to its high theoretical specific capacity (~4200 mAh g−1), low working potential (<0.4 V vs. Li/Li+), and abundant reserves. However, several challenges, such as severe volumetric changes (>300%) during lithiation/delithiation, unstable solid–electrolyte interphase …
The NiMH battery has many significant advantages over other rechargeable technologies including cycle life, safety, and non-hazardous materials. The NiMH battery has continuously evolved over the past 20 years from existence only as a laboratory curiosity to a highly developed product for a variety of applications including consumer products, electric vehicles, hybrid …
Designable covalent backbone Designable covalent skeletons are another advantage of COFs. During preparation, diverse frameworks can be designed at the molecular level by utilizing different monomers or different types of organic reactions. 39, 40 This is favorable for us anchoring different functional groups at preselected positions on the framework and …
This paper reviews the present performances of intermetallic compound families as materials for negative electrodes of rechargeable Ni/MH batteries. The performance of the metal-hydride electrode is determined by both the kinetics of the processes occurring at the metal/solution interface and the rate of hydrogen diffusion within the bulk of the alloy. …
In battery research, HEMs are often used as electrode materials for Li-ion batteries, but they have also been used in solid electrolytes, Li-Sulfur and Na-ion batteries, as well as MXenes (Bérardan et al., 2016; Zhao et al., 2020; Akrami et al., 2021; Fu et al., 2021;
Introduction The high theoretical specific energy density of lithium–air (Li–air, Li–O 2) batteries, 3500 Wh kg −1, makes them ideal for weight-sensitive applications such as in the aerospace sector. 1,2 The battery operates through the oxidation of a lithium negative electrode and the reduction of oxygen to lithium peroxide at the positive electrode, with the …
Rare earth-nickel AB5 hydrogen absorbing alloy is generally used as the negative electrode material for nickel-metal hydride batteries. As shown in the figure, if storing 10L of hydrogen gas, the high-pressure gas cylinder needs 14.3cc, but the hydrogen absorbing alloy can store at a high density of 7.5cc.
Integrating high content carbon into the negative electrodes of advanced lead–acid batteries effectively eliminates the sulfation and improves the cycle life, but brings the problem of hydrogen evolution, which increases inner pressure and accelerates the water loss. In this review, the mechanism of hydrogen evolution reaction in advanced lead–acid batteries, …
In the context of material development for next-generation batteries, here we compare head-to-head organic battery electrode materials (OBEMs) with …
Mechanochemical synthesis of Si/Cu 3 Si-based composite as negative electrode materials for lithium ion battery is investigated. Results indicate that CuO is decomposed and alloyed with Si forming ...
Organic electrode materials (OEMs) hold significant development potential in the field of batteries and are regarded as excellent complementary materials to resource-limited inorganic electrode materials, …
Nickel aluminum layered double hydroxide (NiAl LDH) with nitrate in its interlayer is investigated as a negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The effect of the potential range (i.e., 0.01–3.0 V and 0.4–3.0 V vs. Li+/Li) and of the binder on the performance of the material is investigated in 1 M LiPF6 in EC/DMC vs. Li. The NiAl LDH electrode based on …
Scientific Reports - Compressed composite carbon felt as a negative electrode for a zinc–iron flow battery Skip to main content Thank you for visiting nature .
Although when a nickel–hydrogen battery and a lithium ion battery were produced commercially successively in 1990 and in 1991, ... An oxygen gas recombination reaction occurs on the negative electrode. This oxygen gas recombination reaction is considered ...
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