Thermodynamic Analysis of the Recovery of Metallic Mn from …
Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), with their outstanding characteristics such as high specific capacity, stable operating voltage, and low self-discharge rate, are considered one of the most promising energy and energy storage devices of the new century [1, 2].Lithium manganese oxide (LiMn 2 O 4) has a spinel structure, allowing lithium ions to embed and de-intercalate …